Abstract:The second generation Biofuel production process of Lignocellulosic ethanol conversion is gaining rapid interest owing to the accelerated depletion of fossil fuels. The work was performed with an aim to produce in-house cellulases and reduce the major cost incurred (around 40% of the total fuel production cost) towards commercial cellulase procurement. A novel mixture containing equal volumes of the peels of potato, Sapodilla, Kiwi and coir was subjected to compositional analysis by the standard NREL procedure. The mixture was pre-treated using 15% (v/v) ammonia which showed around 70% lignin removal. In-house Cellulases were produced by innovative fixed volume solid repeated fed-batch from the above stated mixture using Trichoderma atroviride ATCC 28043. The in-house cellulases were concentrated 15 folds using a Tangential Flow Filtration unit and showed a percentage saccharification of 45% and percentage yield saccharification of 94.6% in an optimized saccharification process, performed within a Continuous stirred-tank reactor. The percentage yield of saccharification was 4% lesser than commercial cellulases while the cost for production of in-house cellulases was 15 folds reduced than the market cost of commercially available cellulases.

Keywords:Fermentation, Pre-treatment, Saccharification, Tangential Flow Filtration

Abstract:The paper entitled “Dielectric Parameters of Pure and Doped Poly Methyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Films at Microwave Frequencies” presents different dielectric parameters of some pure and doped dielectric films corresponding to the X-band frequencies (8 – 12 GHz). The interested dielectric parameters are real and imaginary parts of the dielectric constants & , loss tangent (tan ), conductivity σ, relaxation time , absorption coefficient k and refractive index n. A novel waveguide method recently introduced for the study of dielectric parameters of samples in the form of films is used in this study. An X-band microwave test bench with a Gunn diode as a source, consisting of a slotted sample holder with a thin film sample is used for the study. Pure and doped PMMA films of 100μm to 1000μm thickness are to be prepared and various parameters are analyzed for different thickness t, temperature T, and frequency f. The dopents used are AgNo3 and CdS. Since the method is proposed for thin films, it is very efficient for costly materials. A very thin film, even with very small area may be selected for the study.

Keywords:

Abstract:In recent years, there has been a growing interest in wireless power transfer (WPT) that represents a promising technology for energizing low-power electronic devices. In this regard, particularly attractive is the use of WPT for recharging embedded devices, such as sensors for structural monitoring or implantable medical devices (IMD); in fact, these devices are difficult to access for the battery replacement or a direct connection to a power grid. More specifically, in the case of medical implants, the limited lifetime of the battery determines the necessity of periodically replacing the device through surgery. The use of WPT combined with a rechargeable battery could extend the lifetime of these devices up to 20 years, with obvious advantages for their users. According to these considerations, in the literature, several wireless power transfer methods and wireless links for either data or power transfer to medical implants have been discussed

Keywords:Wireless Power Transfer (WPT)

Abstract:Design of reversible sequential circuits is an engaging area in reversible logic synthesis. The works attempted in the domain is meager. The paper confers an improved implementation for reversible sequential logics using heuristic one-pass design technique of reversible circuits, which is a combination of embedding and synthesis.This strategy is vindicated by adopting the Transformation and KFDD based combinational reversible synthesis algorithms. Adding line optimization approach is applied on synthesized circuits, results in prime implementation cost. Quantum cost and the Transistor cost are taken as the cost functions to measure the quality of the design and the optimization

Keywords:Reversible logic, Sequential circuits, quantum computing, reversible Synthesis, Optimization

Abstract:Recently, developments in power electronics and semiconductor technology have lead improvements in power electronic systems. Current source inverters offer advantages of voltage boost, short circuit protection, reduced EMI and direct regeneration. While CSI control strategies are less developed than for a VSI, the topologies are functional duals and have much in common in a control sense. The energy performance of various types of voltage source and current-source converters is examined. The VSI has been widely investigated for optimum operation, but the CSI has not been so well studied. A major limitation for the CSI is the availability of modulation strategies with the sophistication and performance of their VSI counterparts. In particular, since CSI voltage regulation is the dual of VSI current regulation, current regulation control strategies for a VSI can be readily implemented as equivalent voltage control strategies for a CSI. The classical PI controller under the fundamental synchronous reference frame can obtain good waveforms under linear load conditions. This paper shows how a high performance PI stationary frame and P+Resonant CSI voltage regulator can be analytically designed and optimised, while in particular taking into account the second order response of a CSI filter/load combination

Keywords:CSI, PI controller, regulation, VSI